〈5〉. After the dragons put on the kasaya given by the Buddha, the garudas would not be able to eat them; 〈6〉. The king would show respect and trust to monastics; 〈7〉. Sentient beings will make prostrations to monastics; 〈8〉. Asuras will show their reverence; 〈9〉. Devas and dragons would protect monastics; 〈10〉. Monastics could attain Buddhahood. Chan Master Yongming Yanshou stated in his Preface of Precepts and Etiquette （Jiexu yiwen）{8}, Bhiksuni Utpalavarna{9} used to dress in kasaya in a show, due to this, she met with Buddha and became a nun and finally attained Arhatship. This shows the magnificence of the kasaya.

The alms bowl is the food vessel of monastics. Monastics beg for alms offering and deserve such from humans and heavenly beings. Thus, the alms bowls symbolizes the “field of merit.” It is also called “the vessel of appropriate amount{10}.” There are three kinds of appropriateness:

1. Appropriate color{11}–An alms bowl should be in a grayish black color so that it will not cause the arising of attached mind{12}. 2. Appropriate substance {13}–The substance of an alms bowl should be coarse and rough, which does not cause one's desire to arise. 3. Appropriate amount{14}–〔The monastic should〕 eat the food according to the amount he can take. This implies one should feel contented with less desire.


【Key Words】

{8}Jiexu yiwen：戒序儀文

{9}Bhiksuni Utpalavarna：蓮華色比丘尼

{10}vessel of appropriate amount：應量器

{11}Appropriate color：色相應

{12}attached mind：愛染心

{13}Appropriate substance：體相應

{14}Appropriate amount：量相應