Buddhism emphasizes causes and conditions. The accomplishment of everything relies on the fulfillment of causes and conditions, and the synergy of conditions. This dependent arising was realized by the Buddha, and it is the universal truth applicable to every place. Even if the Buddha taught the Dharma, he also must fulfill the conditions of perfect faith{1}, perfect hearing{2}, perfect time{3}, perfect lord{4}, perfect place{5}, and perfect assembly{6}. It is called the Six Perfections.

In the general introduction of each sutra, the sentence, “Thus have I heard” and so forth have already fulfilled the Six Perfections:

1.Thus: It implies “perfect faith”. The Buddhadharma is like the ocean, only with faith can one enter. One believes and receives the doctrines taught by the Buddha without doubt. Eventually, one relies on it and then practices it. Thus, it is called perfect faith.

2. Have I heard: It implies “perfect hearing”. Ananda personally heard the teachings from the Buddha, thus, it is called perfect hearing.

【Key Words】
{1} Perfect Faith：信成就
{2} Perfect Hearing：聞成就
{3} Perfect Time： 時成就
{4} Perfect Lord：主成就
{5} Perfect Place：處成就
{6} Perfect Assembly：眾成就